Egypt Destinations

26 May 2024, 09:28

Cairo City History, Capital City of Egypt

Cairo is The Capital of Egypt and one of the largest and most populous cities in Africa and the Middle East. It is also a city with a rich and fascinating history that spans thousands of years. From ancient civilizations to modern revolutions, Cairo has witnessed many events that shaped the history of Egypt and the world. In this article, we will answer some of the most frequently asked questions about Cairo's city history, giving you alot of Information About Cairo Egypt, and give you reasons to join one of our packages and explore this amazing city and memorize your Holiday in Egypt. When was Cairo founded, and by whom? The foundation of Cairo Egypt, can be traced back to the first millennium settlements, such as Babylon. Notably, Babylon is an ancient citadel built around 30 BC after the arrival of Emperor Augustus in Egypt. However, it is believed that the Persians constructed the original Babylon Fortress during the 6th century BC. The Capital of Egypt we know today as Cairo was founded by the Fatimids, a Shia Muslim dynasty that ruled North Africa and parts of the Middle East from the 10th to the 12th centuries. In 969, they established a new city called al-Mu'izziyya al-Qahira (the victorious city of al-Mu'izz) to serve as their capital and a center of power. The name al-Qahira later evolved into Cairo. Most important historical events that happened in Cairo? Cairo has been the scene of many historical events that influenced Egyptian and world history. Some of these events are: The Crusades: In 1169, Saladin, a Kurdish Muslim leader, became the ruler of Egypt and unified the Muslim forces against the Crusaders who occupied Jerusalem and other parts of the Holy Land. He built a citadel on a hill overlooking Cairo to serve as his headquarters and a defensive fortress. In 1187, he defeated the Crusaders at the Battle of Hattin and recaptured Jerusalem. The Mamluk Era: In 1250, a group of slave soldiers known as the Mamluks seized power in Egypt and established a sultanate that lasted until 1517. The Mamluks were renowned for their military prowess and patronage of art and architecture. They built many mosques, madrasas (schools), mausoleums, and palaces in Cairo, some of which still stand today. They also resisted the Mongol invasion in 1260 and defended Egypt against the Ottoman Turks in 1516. The Ottoman Era: In 1517, the Ottoman Turks conquered Egypt and made Cairo a provincial capital in their vast empire. The Ottomans ruled Egypt indirectly through local governors called pashas, who often exploited the people and neglected the city. However, some pashas were more benevolent and contributed to the development of Cairo. For example, Muhammad Ali Pasha, who ruled from 1805 to 1848, modernized Egypt's army, economy, education, and infrastructure. He also built many public works in Cairo, such as mosques, gardens, bridges, and roads. The Egyptian Revolution of 1919: In 1919, following the end of World War I, Egyptians rose up against the British occupation that had begun in 1882. They demanded independence and self-determination for their country. The revolution was led by Saad Zaghloul, a nationalist leader who formed a political party called Wafd (delegation). Mass demonstrations, strikes, civil disobedience, and violent clashes with the British forces marked the revolution. The revolution forced the British to recognize Egypt's sovereignty in 1922 and grant it partial independence in 1936. The Egyptian Revolution of 1952: In 1952, a group of young army officers led by Gamal Abdel Nasser staged a coup d'etat against King Farouk, who was seen as corrupt and incompetent. They abolished the monarchy and established a republic with Nasser as president. Nasser pursued a policy of Arab nationalism, socialism, and anti-imperialism. He nationalized the Suez Canal in 1956, sparking an international crisis with Britain, France, and Israel. He also initiated many social reforms and development projects in Egypt, such as land redistribution, and edge browser The user has scrolled down to read more. The best places to visit in Cairo There are many amazing places to visit in Cairo, The Capital of Egypt and one of the oldest cities in the world. You can choose from various historical, cultural, religious, and natural attractions depending on your interests and preferences. Here are some of the best places to visit in Cairo: The Pyramids of Giza are Cairo and Egypt's most famous and iconic landmarks. They are the last remaining ancient Wonder of the World and a testament to the engineering and artistic skills of the ancient Egyptians. You can marvel at the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the largest and oldest of the three pyramids, and enter its narrow chambers. You can also see the Pyramid of Khafre, which retains some of its original limestone casing, and the Pyramid of Menkaure, the smallest and most recent of the three. Don't forget to visit the Great Sphinx, a colossal statue of a lion with a human head that guards the pyramids. You can also enjoy a panoramic view of the pyramids from a nearby hill or take a camel ride around the plateau. The Egyptian Museum: This is one of the world's most important and impressive museums. It houses over 120,000 artifacts from different periods of Egyptian history, ranging from prehistoric times to the Roman era. You can see statues, jewelry, tools, weapons, mummies, and more. The museum's highlight is the exhibition of treasures from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including his prominent golden mask, sarcophagus, throne, chariot, and other objects. You can also explore the Royal Mummies Room, where you can witness the conserved bodies of some of the most famous pharaohs, such as Ramses II, Seti I, and Hatshepsut. Al-Azhar Mosque is one of Cairo's oldest and most beautiful mosques. It was built in 970 by the Fatimids, who founded Cairo as The Capital of Egypt. It is also one of the most prestigious Islamic institutions in the world, as it houses Al-Azhar University, considered the oldest in history. You can admire the architecture and decoration of the mosque, which reflects different styles and influences from various dynasties that ruled Egypt. You can also see the five minarets tower over the mosque and its courtyard. You can enter the mosque for free but must dress modestly and remove your shoes. Old Cairo: This historic district contains some of Cairo's most senior and significant religious sites. It is also known as Coptic Cairo, home to many Christian churches and monasteries. You can visit the Hanging Church, built on top of an ancient Roman gatehouse with a wooden roof resembling Noah's ark. You can also see the Church of St. Sergius and Bacchus, which is said to be constructed on the spot where Joseph, Mary, and Jesus stayed during their flight to Egypt. You can also explore the Ben Ezra Synagogue, one of the oldest synagogues in Egypt, containing a collection of ancient Jewish manuscripts. These are just some of the best places to visit in Cairo, but there are many more to discover. If you want to experience this amazing city for yourself, you can join one of our packages that will take you to these and other attractions. Enjoy comfortable accommodation, delicious food, professional guides, and convenient transportation. Contact us today to book your Cairo Tours today! Why do I book with Sun Pyramids Tours? Sun Pyramids Tours, a reputable and innovative travel agency in Egypt, excels in tourism. We empathize with the challenges of trip planning and strive to simplify the process. Hence, we provide tailor-made tours to cater to your preferences and requirements. Moreover, we present diverse tour choices to match your unique travel preferences. Additionally, our expert guides guarantee your safety and satisfaction. Consider these compelling reasons to choose Sun Pyramids Tours for your booking: We have over 53 years of experience organizing tours and trips in Egypt. We have a team of professional and licensed guides who speak different languages and have extensive knowledge of Egyptian history and culture. Our fleet of modern and comfortable vehicles is provided with air-conditioning, Wi-Fi, GPS, and first aid kits. We also have 24/7 customer service to assist you with any inquiries or issues during your trip. We have a flexible cancellation policy that allows you to cancel your booking up to 24 hours before your tour date without any fees. We also offer a full refund if you are unsatisfied with your tour. Our competitive pricing policy guarantees you the best value for your money. We do not charge any hidden fees or extra costs for our tours. We also offer discounts and special offers for groups, families, students, and repeat customers. We hope this article has answered some of your questions about how to visit Egyptian attractions from Hurghada and helped you plan your trip to this fantastic country. If you have any more questions or need any assistance, please feel free to contact us anytime. We are looking forward to seeing you soon in Egypt!

17 Sept 2024, 12:59

The History of Aswan City

Discover the enchanting city of Aswan, known for its rich history, unique geography, and stunning landmarks. Once the ancient city of Swenett, Aswan played a vital role in Egypt's military, trade, and culture. Explore its legacy through captivating stories of ancient quarries, religious monuments, and breathtaking scenery. History of Aswan Ancient City of Swenett Aswan, originally known as Swenett, served as the southern frontier city of Ancient Egypt, marking the country's beginning at the Nile River. The name Swenett is believed to be derived from an Egyptian goddess associated with childbirth, later identified by the Greeks as Eileithyia and by the Romans as Lucina. Swenett also represented the Egyptian symbol for trade or market, reflecting the city's significance as a key commercial hub. The city stood on the east bank of the Nile, north of the first cataract, providing a natural border and a vital point of orientation for the Egyptians. Aswan's role as both a commercial and spiritual gateway made it an essential part of Egypt's ancient civilization. Geographical Significance Located at the southernmost tip of Egypt, Aswan held significant geographical importance as the gateway to Africa. The ancient Egyptians viewed Swenett, later, as the starting point of Egypt, where the life-giving waters of the Nile originated. Positioned on a peninsula along the east bank of the Nile, just below the first cataract, the city allowed seamless navigation to the Nile Delta. Aswan's strategic location made it a vital trade hub and the opening to Egypt's southern territories. Where is Aswan Located is key to understanding its historical and economic influence on the region. Stone Quarries of Ancient Egypt The History of Aswan is deeply connected to its stone quarries, which were renowned in ancient Egypt for producing the valuable granitic rock known as syenite. These quarries supplied the material for colossal statues, obelisks, and monolithic shrines found throughout Egypt, including the iconic pyramids. The legacy of these quarrymen, who worked over 3,000 years ago, remains visible in the native rock today. These quarries stretched across both banks of the Nile, with a road approximately 6.5 km long carved into the landscape, connecting Syene to Philae. Military and Trade Importance The History of Aswan highlights Swenett's dual role as a military station and trade center throughout Ancient Egypt's dynasties. Swenett was a vital garrison town, where tolls and customs were levied on all boats traveling along the Nile. Its strategic location made it a military stronghold and an economic hub. Around 330 AD, a bishop from Alexandria was stationed here, marking the town's significance as a religious center, eventually becoming the Coptic Diocese of Syene. Mentions in Ancient Writing Mentions in Ancient Writing describe Aswan as a city frequently referenced by notable figures such as Herodotus, Strabo, and Pliny the Elder. It also appears in ancient geographical works like the Antonine Itinerary. The city is even believed to be mentioned in the biblical texts of Ezekiel and Isaiah, further emphasizing its historical and cultural significance. Aswan's prominent place in these texts underscores its role in ancient literature and religious contexts. Aswan's Geography: Where Shadows Disappear Aswan's Unique Latitude Aswan's Unique Latitude was a subject of fascination for ancient geographers and mathematicians due to its location at 24° 5′ 23″. They observed that during the summer solstice, a vertically positioned staff cast virtually no shadow, and the sun's disc was reflected directly in a well. This phenomenon significantly contributed to the Greek polymath Eratosthenes' groundbreaking calculation of the Earth's circumference over 2,200 years ago. Such observations placed Aswan at the heart of ancient scientific discoveries, linking the city to broader inquiries about the Earth's dimensions. Aswan Climate Aswan experiences a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh) similar to the rest of Egypt. Known for its blazing summers, Aswan and Luxor are among the hottest cities in Egypt, with temperatures often exceeding 40°C (104°F) during summer months. Winters are mild but can have cool nights. With an annual average rainfall of less than 1 mm, Aswan ranks as one of the driest cities in the world, making rainfall an infrequent event. The rare occurrences of rain can cause flash floods, as seen in November 2021, when heavy precipitation and hailstorms led to unexpected flooding. The relative humidity is exceptionally low, averaging just 26%, further emphasizing Aswan's desert conditions. Aswan also enjoys almost 4,000 hours of annual sunshine, earning it recognition as one of the sunniest places on Earth. Month Avg High °C Avg Low °C Rainfall (mm) January 23°C 8°C 0 mm February 26°C 11°C 0 mm March 31°C 16°C 0 mm April 37°C 21°C 0 mm May 41°C 26°C 0 mm June 42°C 28°C 0 mm July 42°C 28°C 0 mm August 42°C 28°C 0 mm September 40°C 25°C 0 mm October 36°C 21°C 0 mm November 29°C 15°C 0 mm December 24°C 9°C 0 mm Aswan Transport Information About Aswan's transport reveals its strong connectivity. The Cape to Cairo Road links Aswan to major cities like Luxor, Cairo, and Abu Simbel. The Aswan-Berenice highway provides access to Red Sea ports. The Cape to Cairo Railway connects Aswan to Cairo and Wadi Halfa, although it remains incomplete to the south. Key infrastructures include the Port of Aswan, the largest river port, and Aswan International Airport, offering domestic and limited international flights. Aswan Famous Landmarks Abu Simbel Temple Abu Simbel Temple is one of Egypt's most iconic landmarks, built by Pharaoh Ramses II in the 13th century BC. This massive rock-cut temple features colossal statues of Ramses II and his queen Nefertari, showcasing the grandeur of ancient Egyptian art and architecture. The temple's relocation in the 1960s to avoid flooding from the Aswan High Dam is a testament to modern engineering prowess. As one of The Most Famous Archaeological Sites in Aswan, it remains a symbol of Egypt's ancient glory. Its solar alignment during specific times of the year reveals the sophistication of its design, continuing to inspire awe and making it a must-visit destination. Edfu Temple Edfu Temple, dedicated to the falcon god Horus, is one of Egypt's best-preserved temples, showcasing the magnificence of the Ptolemaic era. Built on the sacred land where the ancient Egyptians believed the epic battle between Horus and Set took place, this temple stands as a powerful symbol of good triumphing over evil. The grandeur of its architecture, stunning reliefs, and detailed inscriptions make it an essential stop on any exploration of The History of Aswan City. As one of the last major temples constructed in ancient Egypt, it represents the enduring brilliance and honor of Egyptian civilization. Kom Ombo Temple Kom Ombo Temple is one of Aswan's most distinctive temples, and possibly Egypt's most unique. Its name means "The Hill of Gold," reflecting its significance. Constructed during the Greco-Roman Period, from 205 to 180 BC, under King Ptolemy V, the temple is located 45 km north of Aswan on the eastern bank of the Nile. What sets Kom Ombo Temple apart is its double design, making it one of a kind. The temple is divided into two identical sections dedicated to two gods: Sobek, the crocodile deity of fertility, in the southern half, and Horus the Elder (Haroeris), the falcon deity, in the northern half. This unique structure symbolizes the Ptolemies' control and sovereignty over Egypt. Visitors can marvel at the intricate carvings and even explore displays showcasing ancient medical instruments, adding to the rich historical experience. For a full Kom Ombo Temple itinerary with Sun Pyramids Tours, explore this one-of-a-kind experience with us! Philae Temple Philae Temple stands as one of Egypt's most captivating monuments, known for its enchanting beauty and historical significance. Built between 380 and 362 BC by King Ptolemy II and other rulers of the Ptolemaic era, it was dedicated to the goddess Isis, who symbolized motherhood, healing, and birth. Located on a rocky island that once served as a center of trade in the Nile River, south of Aswan, the temple has a rich history. In the 1960s, it was moved to Agilkia Island as part of a UNESCO-led rescue mission, protecting it from flooding due to the construction of the Aswan High Dam. Today, Philae Temple continues to mesmerize visitors, especially during the Sound and Light Show, which brings its stories to life in a spectacular display. For a detailed Philae Temple itinerary with Sun Pyramids Tours, immerse yourself in this extraordinary journey with us! The Aswan High Dam The Aswan High Dam is a monumental achievement, marking Egypt's leap into the industrial age. Completed in 1970, this engineering marvel tamed the Nile, protecting Egypt from devastating floods and providing water and electricity to millions. Stretching over 3.8 kilometers, it created Lake Nasser, one of the world's largest artificial lakes, transforming Egypt's agriculture and economy. The dam became a symbol of Egypt's 1952 revolution and ushered in a new era of progress and prosperity for the nation. Experience The Aswan High Dam tour with Sun Pyramids Tours and witness this modern marvel firsthand. The Unfinished Obelisk One of the marvelous monoliths of Aswan is the majestic Unfinished Obelisk, which serves as living proof of the unmatched intelligence and skill of ancient Egypt, revealing their desire to create monumental tales from stone. This massive obelisk, had it been completed, would have been the largest ever constructed. Unfortunately, a significant crack in the stone led to its abandonment. The site offers a unique opportunity to understand how massive structures were crafted during Egypt's New Kingdom, particularly under the reign of Hatshepsut. The Unfinished Obelisk provides invaluable insights into the ancient Egyptian construction process and their stone-working techniques. The Nubian Museum In the city of Aswan lies the majestic Nubian Museum, built to honor Nubian history and culture. Designed by Egyptian architect Mahmoud Al-Hakim, the museum was constructed for $22 million, and sponsored by UNESCO. It houses thousands of artifacts collected during the Nubian Rescue mission after the construction of the Aswan High Dam in the 1960s, which raised the water levels of Lake Nasser, putting many ancient Nubian monuments at risk. The museum offers an in-depth exploration of Nubia's ancient civilizations through exhibits that include statues, jewelry, pottery, and other artifacts, making it a key cultural attraction in the region. Discover this incredible cultural heritage on The Nubian Museum visit with Sun Pyramids Tours, where you can immerse yourself in Nubia's rich and fascinating history. Kitchener's Island (Botanical Gardens) Kitchener's Island, home to the Aswan Botanical Gardens, is a lush oasis in the Nile. This peaceful island, once owned by Lord Kitchener, features a diverse collection of tropical plants, palm trees, and exotic flowers from around the world, offering visitors a tranquil escape amid Aswan's natural beauty. The island, less than a kilometer long and half a kilometer wide, is designed with 27 beautifully arranged squares, making it feel like a natural chessboard. With three entrances, it invites both locals and tourists to explore its vibrant greenery. A Kitchener's Island visit with Sun Pyramids Tours provides the perfect opportunity to relax and enjoy this serene botanical haven. Kalabsha Temple Kalabsha Temple, originally located near the Aswan High Dam, was relocated to New Kalabsha Island to save it from flooding caused by the construction of the dam. This Greco-Roman temple, dedicated to the Nubian sun god Mandulis, greets visitors with a striking stone causeway leading to its grand first pylon. Inside, the temple reveals a colonnaded court and an eight-columned hypostyle hall, showcasing impressive hieroglyphs and detailed reliefs. These carvings offer insight into the influence of Greek pharaohs and ancient Egyptian deities. A Kalabsha Temple visit with Sun Pyramids Tours provides a captivating journey into the blend of Nubian and Roman religious heritage. Discover Aswan in Every Detail with Sun Pyramids Tours' Expert Itineraries. End your journey through Aswan with a deeper connection to Egypt's rich past by exploring every hidden gem the city has to offer. With Sun Pyramids Tours, our carefully crafted itineraries cover every inch of Aswan, from the majestic temples to the tranquil islands and beyond. Let us guide you through the ancient wonders, stunning landscapes, and timeless stories that make Aswan a must-visit destination. Book your unforgettable adventure today and discover the magic of Aswan with Sun Pyramids Tours! Why do I book with Sun Pyramids Tours? 1) Expertise and Experience: Sun Pyramids Tours has a wealth of 53 years of experience in the travel and tourism industry. 2) Customized Itineraries: Sun Pyramids Tours offers tailored itineraries to suit your preferences. Whether you're interested in historical sites, cultural immersion, or adventure activities, we can design a tour that matches your interests. 3) Local Connections and Insider Access: Sun Pyramids Tours can provide you with unique opportunities and insider access to attractions and experiences that may not be easily accessible to independent travelers. 4) Hassle-Free Planning: Sun Pyramids Tours can take the stress out of planning your trip. We handle all the logistics, including accommodations, transportation, and guided tours, at competitive prices… Relax and enjoy your vacation without worrying about the details. 5) Customer Satisfaction: Sun Pyramids Tours prides itself on providing excellent customer service and ensuring customer satisfaction. They strive to meet and exceed your expectations, making your trip enjoyable and memorable. Add trip advisor reviews, Facebook page reviews, etc. 6) Safety and Security: Sun Pyramids Tours prioritizes the safety and security of their guests. We work with trusted partners, adhere to safety guidelines, and provide support throughout your journey to ensure a safe and comfortable travel experience.

Whats App

Call

Tailor made